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Common Types of Materials for Septic Tanks

The septic tank is a major part of any septic system. Most septic tanks are located underground and use bacterial decomposition for wastewater treatment. For the septic tank to function properly, it must be composed of the ideal material. Here are the most common types of materials used for septic tanks.

1. Concrete Septic Tank

Concrete septic tanks are quite massive, and most come pre-casted to make installation easier. The tanks are strong enough to counteract buoyant forces when underground. Concrete septic tanks have an extended lifespan and will serve your building for many decades. Today, most concrete septic tanks come with a double-compartment design instead of the traditional one-compartment design popular. Two-compartment designs are popular because they can separate and filter sewage more effectively than the one-compartment tank. The tank may also have a heavy-duty version, which may encompass a reinforced top layer. Regardless of the size and weight of your concrete septic tank, you will need to hire a professional to install the tank. Professional installation is essential because the tanks use heavy materials that require specialized equipment. Also, your current or proposed septic tank location must accommodate heavy machinery for the installation. In addition, keep in mind that while most concrete tanks are pre-cast, they must adhere to the local and state code.

2. Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic

Fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) is available either as one piece or two pieces. For proper functioning, FRP septic tanks must use the recommended adhesives and stainless steel bolts. Manufacturers often use the highest manufacturing standards for FRP, but the tanks can leak due to damage during shipping. Leaking can also happen due to the use of incorrect adhesives. Any pipe penetration into the septic tank during installation must be accompanied by the correct seal. The installer must also verify that any connection to the septic tank is watertight. You can select FRP tanks if you have a limited-access site. Another benefit of FRP tanks is they are corrosion-resistant and are available in larger capacities.

3. Steel Septic Tank

You can choose steel septic tanks if you're looking for a robust material that is resistant to buoyant forces. Another benefit of steel septic tanks is that they will not float if the water table rises nearer the tank. Although steel is one of the most durable materials naturally available, septic tanks will begin to rust after some time. Once the tanks begin to corrode, they become weak and are unable to support the weight above. That is probably why most homeowners don't choose steel septic tanks. The tanks also tend to deteriorate more quickly than other types of septic tanks. In addition, steel septic tanks have a high cost. When combined with the relatively poor durability, this high cost generally turns homeowners off of steel septic tanks.

4. Plastic Septic Tanks

Plastic materials are not chemically reactive, so the plastic septic tank won't corrode. Also, plastic materials are non-porous, preventing wastewater exchange between the inside and outside of the tank. And unlike concrete tanks, plastic tanks will prevent tree roots from infiltrating the inside of the tank. You just have to ensure proper installation of the septic tank. Another benefit of plastic tanks is you don't require heavy-duty equipment to install septic tanks. However, since plastic tanks are very light, they can crack or get damaged easily during installation. Connecting pipes can also destroy plastic tanks. Even surrounding soil and stormwater can destroy the structural integrity of plastic tanks. They are also less resistant to buoyancy. If you need more help selecting the best septic tank for your property, work with a qualified septic tank system company like Bowen's Septic Tank. We offer industrial, commercial, and residential septic tank services. Contact us to get started.

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